Keywords
voltammetry
glassy carbon electrode
SWV
DPV
Abstract
Rutin was determined using SWV and DPV techniques with a glassy carbon electrode in an H2O/ethanol (1:1) system containing KNO3 as the supporting electrolyte. In the first stage of the study, the parameters of the SWV technique were optimized, including step potential, amplitude, and pulse frequency. It was demonstrated that the appropriate selection of measurement parameters leads to a significant increase in peak current while maintaining good signal resolution, high determination sensitivity, and a stable baseline. The obtained results confirmed the significant influence of instrumental parameters on the quality and reproducibility of the electrochemical response. In the next stage, a comparison of different working electrode materials was carried out. Among the tested electrodes, the highest, most stable, and most reproducible signal was obtained for the glassy carbon electrode. Metallic electrodes generated significantly weaker current responses or failed to exhibit a distinct analytical signal, indicating limited suitability for rutin determination in the studied system. In the final stage, the relationship between the voltammetric signal and rutin concentration was established. Good linearity of the analytical response was obtained in the concentration range of 0.02–0.2 mM, confirming the applicability of the developed method for quantitative determination of rutin within this range. Additionally, the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were determined as 0.028 mM and 0.055 mM, respectively, confirming the high sensitivity of the developed electrochemical method.
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