Abstract
This article focuses on the concept of experience in the museum context by examining how it is conceptualized and explored. Using a literature review, this study aims to synthesize existing research, with particular attention to the roles of various stakeholders and the integration of physical and digital touchpoints. Data for this study were collected from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The findings reveal a scarcity of holistic, stakeholder-inclusive perspectives and limited attention to the complexity of the museum journey. While digital tools such as VR and social media have been widely discussed, broader frameworks for phygital experience creation are underdeveloped. This study highlights the need for future research that integrates managerial and multi-stakeholder viewpoints in both theoretical and empirical contexts.
References
Abbas, H., Munir, S., Tahir, M., Noor, M., Honey, Q., Hamza, M. A., Iqbal, M. W. (2024). Enhancing User Experience: Cross-Platform Usability in Digital Banking Apps. Journal of Computing & Biomedical Informatics, 7(02). https://doi.org/10.56979/702/2024
Albayrak, T. (2018). Classifying Daily Tour Service Attributes by Three-Factor Theory of Customer Satisfaction. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 19(1), 112-125. https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2017.1343169
Amitrano, C. C., Gargiulo, R., Bifulco, F. (2018). Creating Value through Social Media: Fresh Evidence from Cultural Organizations. Journal of Creating Value, 4(2), 243-254. https://doi.org/10.1177/2394964318805616
Batat, W. (2022). The employee experience (EMX) framework for well-being: an agenda for the future. Employee Relations: The International Journal, 44(5), 993-1013. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-03-2022-0133
Berni, A., Borgianni, Y. (2021). From the definition of user experience to a framework to classify its applications in design. Proceedings of the Design Society, 1, 1627-1636. https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2021.424
Bolton, R. N., Gustafsson, A., Tarasi, C. O., Witell, L. (2022). Designing satisfying service encounters: website versus store touchpoints. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 50, 85-107. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-021-00808-9
Burke, P. F., Burton, C., Huybers, T., Islam, T., Louviere, J. J., Wise, C. (2010). The Scale-Adusted Latent Class Model: Application to Museum Visitation. Tourism Analysis, 15(2), 147-165. https://doi.org/10.3727/108354210X12724863327605
Camarero, C., Garrido, M. J., Vicente, E. (2015). Achieving effective visitor orientation in European museums. Innovation versus custodial. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 16(2), 228-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2014.05.006
Carlson, R. (1997). Experienced cognition. Lawrence Erlbaum Associations.
Cerquetti, M. (2018). The importance of being earnest. Enhancing the authentic experience of cultural heritage through the experience-based approach. The Experience Logic as a New Perspective for Marketing Management: From Theory to Practical Applications in Different Sectors, 149-168.
Chen, H., Ryan, C. (2020). Transforming the museum and meeting visitor requirements: The case of the Shaanxi History Museum. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 18, 100483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100483
Daniel, R. (2019). Arts and culture in an era of austerity: key stakeholder views on the current and future Australian context. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 25(6), 780-791. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2017.1361943
Debono, S. (2021). Thinking phygital: A museological framework of predictive futures. Museum International, 73(3-4), 156-167. https://doi.org/10.1080/13500775.2021.2016287
Dresler, E., Fuchs, J. (2021). Constructing the moral geographies of educational dark tourism. Journal of Marketing Management, 37(5-6), 548-568. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2020.1846596
Fillis, I., Lehman, K., Miles, M. P. (2017). The museum of old and new art: Leveraging entrepreneurial marketing to create a unique arts and vacation venture. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 23(1), 85-96. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766716634153
Gorchakova, V., Hyde, K. F. (2022). The Impact on Well-Being of Experiences at Cultural Events. Event Management, 26(1), 89-106. https://doi.org/10.3727/152599521X16192004803638
Jaakkola, E., Helkkula, A., Aarikka-Stenroos, L. (2015). Service experience co-creation: conceptualization, implications, and future research directions. Journal of Service Management, 26(2), 182-205. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-12-2014-0323
Jacob, F., Pez, V., Volle, P. (2023). Shifting to phygital experience management with design science: a six-step method to manage customer journeys. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 31(5), 961-982. https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2021.2016894
Jin, L., Xiao, H., Shen, H. (2020). Experiential authenticity in heritage museums. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 18, 100493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100493
Khalil, S., Kallmuenzer, A., Kraus, S. (2024). Visiting museums via augmented reality: an experience fast-tracking the digital transformation of the tourism industry. European Journal of Innovation Management, 27(6), 2084-2100. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-09-2022-0479
Kim, H., So, K. K. F. (2022). Two decades of customer experience research in hospitality and tourism: A bibliometric analysis and thematic content analysis. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 100, 103082. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.103082
Lim, W. M., Rasul, T. (2022). Customer engagement and social media: Revisiting the past to inform the future. Journal of Business Research, 148, 325-342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.04.068
Lipkin, M., Heinonen, K. (2022). Customer ecosystems: exploring how ecosystem actors shape customer experience. Journal of Services Marketing, 36(9), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSM-03-2021-0080
Massari, F. S., Del Vecchio, P., Degl'Innocenti, E. (2024). Past for Future-museums as a digitalized “interaction platform” for value co-creation in tourism destinations. European Journal of Innovation Management, 27(5), 1453-1474. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-09-2022-0521
Mehmetoglu, M., Engen, M. (2011). Pine and Gilmore's concept of experience economy and its dimensions: An empirical examination in tourism. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 12(4), 237-255. https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2011.541847
Mencarelli, R., Chaney, D., Pulh, M. (2020). Consumers’ brand heritage experience: between acceptance and resistance. Journal of Marketing Management, 36(1-2), 30-50. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2019.1692057
Mengda Jiang, Junyi Li, Yingying Du (2023). From On-site to Memory: Study on the Spatial Characteristics of Tourists’ Emotional Experiences, Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 24(3), 279-310. https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2022.2042884
Mishra, S., Malhotra, G., Chatterjee, R., Shukla, Y. (2023). Consumer retention through phygital experience in omnichannel retailing: role of consumer empowerment and satisfaction. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 31(4), 749-766. https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2021.1985594
Mitchell, M. A., Mitchell, S. J. (2001). Consumer Experience Tourism in the Nonprofit and Public Sectors. Journal of Nonprofit & Public Sector Marketing, 9(3), 21-34. https://doi.org/10.1300/J054v09n03_02
Mossberg, L. (2007). A marketing approach to the tourist experience. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 7(1), 59-74. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250701231915
Najda-Janoszka, M., Sawczuk, M. (2023). Exploring the barriers of multi-stakeholder value co-creation–the museum context. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 36(4), 603-620. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-04-2023-0126
Nawijn, J., Brüggemann, M., Mitas, O. (2017). The Effect of Sachsenhausen Visitors' Personality and Emotions on Meaning and Word of Mouth. Tourism Analysis, 22(3), 349-359. https://doi.org/10.3727/108354217X14955605216096
Piancatelli, C., Massi, M., Vocino, A. (2021). # artoninstagram: Engaging with art in the era of the selfie. International Journal of Market Research, 63(2), 134-160. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470785320963526
Pine, B. J., Gilmore, J. H. (1998). Welcome to the experience economy (Vol. 76, No. 4, pp. 97-105). Harvard Business Review Press.
Pine B.J., Gilmore J.H., 1999, The Experience Economy: Work Is Theater & Every Business a Stage. Harvard Business School Press, p. 254
Ponsignon, F., Derbaix, M. (2020). The impact of interactive technologies on the social experience: An empirical study in a cultural tourism context. Tourism Management Perspectives, 35, 100723. 10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100723
Radder, L., Han, X. (2015). An examination of the museum experience based on Pine and Gilmore's experience economy realms. Journal of Applied Business Research, 31(2), 455-470.
Riva, P., Agostino, D. (2022). Latent dimensions of museum experience: assessing cross-cultural perspectives of visitors from tripadvisor reviews. Museum Management and Curatorship, 37(6), 616-640. https://doi.org/10.1080/09647775.2022.2073560
Riviezzo, A., Mason, M. C., Garofano, A., Napolitano, M. R. (2022). Uncovering the worth of the past: the relationship between corporate museums' strategic orientation and dual performance. Management Decision, 60(7), 1852-1874. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-01-2021-0037
Roederer, C., Filser, M. (2018). Revisiting the museum experience. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 21(4), 567-587. https://doi.org/10.1108/QMR-01-2017-0002
Rosenbaum, M. S., Otalora, M. L., Ramírez, G. C. (2017). How to create a realistic customer journey map. Business Horizons, 60(1), 143-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2016.09.010
Rosenbaum, M. S., Edwards, K., Ramirez, G. C. (2021). The benefits and pitfalls of contemporary pop-up shops. Business Horizons, 64(1), 93-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2020.10.001
Rowley, J. (1999). Measuring total customer experience in museums. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 11(6), 303-308. https://doi.org/10.1108/09596119910281801
Saleem, S., Umar, R. M. (2023). A Netnography Study on Memorable Cultural Tourism Experiences: Insights from Asian Cultural Heritage Site Tourists. Journal of Promotion Management, 29(2), 280-303. https://doi.org/10.1080/10496491.2022.2143990
Sauer, J., Sonderegger, A., Schmutz, S. (2020). Usability, user experience and accessibility: towards an integrative model. Ergonomics, 63(10), 1207-1220. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2020.1774080
Serravalle, F., Ferraris, A., Vrontis, D., Thrassou, A., Christofi, M. (2019). Augmented reality in the tourism industry: A multi-stakeholder analysis of museums. Tourism Management Perspectives, 32, 100549. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2019.07.002
tom Dieck, M. C., Jung, T. H. (2017). Value of augmented reality at cultural heritage sites: A stakeholder approach. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 6(2), 110-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2017.03.002
Yin, J., Chen, H., Ni, Y. (2023). Does temporary performance matter for word of mouth in museums?. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 57, 29-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2023.08.024
Villaespesa, E., Álvarez, A. (2020). Visitor journey mapping at the Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza: bringing cross-departmental collaboration to build a holistic and integrated visitor experience. Museum Management and Curatorship, 35(2), 125-142. https://doi.org/10.1080/09647775.2019.1638821
Wang, J., Chang, M., Luo, X., Qiu, R., Zou, T. (2023). How perceived authenticity affects tourist satisfaction and behavioral intention towards natural disaster memorials: A mediation analysis. Tourism Management Perspectives, 46, 101085. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2023.101085
Why our attention spans are shrinking, https://www.apa.org/news/podcasts/speaking-of-psychology/attention-spans
Zhao, X., Mao, R. (2025). Are visitors’ satisfaction reliable? A perspective from museum visitor behavior. Museum Management and Curatorship, 40(1), 96-112. https://doi.org/10.1080/09647775.2023.2209888
All texts published in the journal Humanities and Social Sciences are available in the full version on the website of HSS.
Open Access – CC BY 4.0
This is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. The articles are published under the terms of the Creative Commons licence (CC-BY 4.0), including the following fields of exploitation comprising:
1) the right to publish the Work in print in book and digital form and to distribute it in book and digital form, including by displaying, playing, broadcasting, making it publicly available by the Publisher and third parties,
2) the right to record and reproduce all or part of the Work on paper and in the form of a digital record and in any other possible way by the Publisher,
3) the right to enter the Work into computer memory and save the Work in the IT systems of the Publisher and other entities distributing digital content,
4) the right to archive the Work and make copies of the Work on electronic media by the Publisher, without quantitative restrictions,
5) the right to digitise the Work and to perform conversions/transformations of the Work in electronic form into other digital formats by the Publisher and third parties,
6) the right to distribute the Work, including via the Internet or other ICT networks by the Publisher and other third parties, in a way that allows viewing, reading, copying the content of the Work in electronic form, i.e. all elements belonging to it, whereby copying shall be understood as the saving of the Work made available to an interested person on a medium of their choice,
7) the right to store the Work in the database of the Publisher and other entities distributing the Work in any form, as well as its processing in the database of the Publisher and third parties,
8) right to translate and publish the Work in one of the modern languages in any form by the Publisher and third parties.
The full text of the license is available at the following link: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
