OPTIMIZING PROCESS EFFICIENCY: CASE STUDIES IN BREAD MAKING PRODUCTION

STANOJESKA, M. (2025). OPTIMIZING PROCESS EFFICIENCY: CASE STUDIES IN BREAD MAKING PRODUCTION. Modern Management Review, 30(4), 77-94. https://doi.org/10.7862/rz.2025.mmr.24

Abstract

The paper examines the influence of job design on production process efficiency. Although optimization brings significant benefits, it also faces numerous challenges, primarily due to the high robustness of existing technology and workforce needs.

The research methodology treats real-life Case Studies from a bakery plant located in North Macedonia. The data gathered by the pilot period (Case Study 2) was summarized and compared with the data gathered during the regular plant operating (Case Study 1). Both data sets collected in different plant departments were compared regarding relevant operational criteria.

Based on the quantitative data analysis, the operations design of Case Study 2 resulted in a 7% reduction in overall production costs. By analyzing real-life Case Studies, this paper can serve as a valuable guide in striving to enhance overall efficiency and contribute to companies within the relevant industry sector.

https://doi.org/10.7862/rz.2025.mmr.24

pdf

References

Agnetis, A., Murgia, G., Sbrilli, S. (2014). A job shop scheduling problem with human operators in handicraft production. International Journal of Production Research, 52(13), 3820-3831. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2013.831220

Ahmed, J., Rahman, M. S. (2012). Handbook of food process design. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444398274

Akyazi, T., Goti, A., Oyarbide, A., Alberdi, E., Bayon, F. (2020). A guide for the food industry to meet the future skills requirements emerging with Industry 4.0. Foods, 9(4), 492. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9040492

Alam, S. T. (2020). Automated bread maker: Implementing techniques of product design process. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial & Mechanical Engineering and Operations Management, Dhaka, Bangladesh, December 26-27. IEOM.

Aljohani, K. (2023). Optimizing the distribution network of a bakery facility: A reduced travelled distance and food-waste minimization perspective. Sustainability, 15(4), 3654. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15043654

Arias, M., Munoz-Gama, J., Sepúlveda, M., Miranda, J. C. (2018). Human resource allocation or recommendation based on multi-factor criteria in on-demand and batch scenarios. EJIE, 12(3), 364-404. https://doi.org/10.1504/EJIE.2018.092009

Babor, M., Senge, J., Rosell, C. M., Rodrigo, D., Hitzmann, B. (2021). Optimization of no-wait flowshop scheduling problem in bakery production with modified PSO, NEH and SA. Processes, 9(11), 2044. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9112044

Bhatia, S. (2016). Food biotechnology. CRC Press.

Calzavara, M., Faccio, M., Granata, I., Travisani, A. (2024). Achieving productivity and operator well-being: A dynamic task allocation strategy for collaborative assembly systems in Industry 5.0. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 134, 3201-3216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-024-14302-3

Cheng, Y., Sun, F., Zhang, Y., Tao, F. (2019). Task allocation in manufacturing: A review. Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 15, 207-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2018.08.001

Clark, J. P. (2009). Process and equipment selection. In Practical design, construction and operation of food facilities (pp. 85-122). Academic Press, Elsevier Inc.

Drozd, R., Wolniak, R., Piwnik, J. (2023). Systemic analysis of a manufacturing process based on a small scale bakery. Quality & Quantity, 57, 1421-1437. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-022-01408-7

Drozd, R. (2020). Functional model of the impact of factors on product quality in the baking industry. Science Didactics Equipment, 3, 173-180.

Dvorak, J., Wurster, M., Carl May, M., Lanza, G. (2023). A systematic approach to task assignment and production planning in disassembly with employee skills. Procedia CIRP, 120, 958-963. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2023.09.107

Fast-Berglund, Å., Stahre, J. (2013). Task allocation in production systems – Measuring and analysing levels of automation. IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 46(15), 435-441. https://doi.org/10.3182/20130811-5-US-2037.00032

Galeazzo, A., Furlan, A. (2020). Developing operational problem solvers: The role of job design decisions. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 32(15-16), 1768-1785. https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2020.1771176

Gembalska-Kwiecień, A., Skotnicka-Zasadzień, B., Wolniak, R., Bujna, M. (2018). Creating participation of employees in improving work safety in enterprise. In XV International Conference Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering (MAPE 2018) (pp. 689-694). Wydawnictwo PANOVA.

Goel, K., Fehrer, T., Röglinger, M., Wynn, M. T. (2023). Not here, but there: Human resource allocation patterns. In C. Di Francescomarino, A. Burattin, C. Janiesch, S. Sadiq (Eds.), Business Process Management. BPM 2023. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Vol. 14159). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41620-0_22

Goryńska-Goldmann, E., Gazdecki, M., Rejman, K., Kobus-Cisowska, J., Łaba, S., Łaba, R. (2021). How to prevent bread losses in the baking and confectionery industry? Measurement, causes, management, and prevention. Agriculture, 11(1), 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11010019

Hecker, F., Hussein, W., Becker, T. (2010). Analysis and optimization of a bakery production line using ARENA. International Journal of Simulation Modelling, 9(4), 208-216. https://doi.org/10.2507/IJSIMM09(4)4.175

Hacker, W., Sachse, P. (2014). Allgemeine Arbeitspsychologie: Psychische Regulation von Tätigkeiten. Hogrefe, Göttingen.

Huang, E. Y., Paccagnan, D., Mei, W., Bullo, F. (2022). Assign and appraise: Achieving optimal performance in collaborative teams. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 68(3), 1614-1627. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAC.2022.3156879

Ihde, S., Pufahl, L., Lin, M. B., Goel, A., Weske, M. (2019). Optimized resource allocations in business process models. International Conference on Business Process Management (pp. 55-71). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26643-1_4

Joo, T., Jun, H., Shin, D. (2022). Task allocation in human–machine manufacturing systems using deep reinforcement learning. Sustainability, 14(4), 2245. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14042245

Kumar, P. P. (2019). Goal programming through bakery production. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 4, 3722-3725.

Lewis, M. (2019). Operations management: A research overview. Taylor & Francis Group. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351034982

Maman, Z. S., Yazdi, M. A. A., Cavuoto, L. A., Megahed, F. M. (2017). A data-driven approach to modeling physical fatigue in the workplace using wearable sensors. Applied Ergonomics, 65, 515-529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2017.02.001

Martin, N., Depaire, B., Caris, A., Schepers, D. (2020). Retrieving the resource availability calendars of a process from an event log. Information Systems, 88, 101463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.is.2019.101463

Mondal, A., Datta, A. (2008). Bread baking – a review. Journal of Food Engineering, 86(4), 465-474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2007.11.014

Muscalu, G., Voicu, G., Istudor, A. (2017). Bread dough kneading process optimization in an industrial environment, using a device for dough consistency control. UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series D: Mechanical Engineering, 79(3), 225-236.

Naegele Inc. Bakery Systems. (2019). Automating industrial bakery production lines: Benefits and tips. https://www.naegele-inc.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Naegele-automating-industrial-bakery-production-web.pdf

Oladejo, K., Abolarinwa, A., Salawu, S. O., Lukman, A. F. (2019). Optimization principle and its application in optimizing landmark university bakery production using linear programming. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), 10(2), 183-190.

Patel, A., Devraja, H., Sharma, P., Singh, R. (2019). Food technology II. Technology Division NDRI, Karnal-132001. https://agrimoon.com/wp-content/uploads/FOOD-TECHNOLOGY-II.pdf

Peinado, J., Graeml, A. R., Vianna, F. (2018). Operations management body of knowledge and its relevance to manufacturing and service organizations. Revista de Gestão, 4, 373-389. https://doi.org/10.1108/REGE-03-2018-0049

Petzoldt, C., Niermann, D., Maack, E., Sontopski, M., Vur, B., Freitag, M. (2022). Implementation and evaluation of dynamic task allocation for human–robot collaboration in assembly. Applied Sciences, 12(24), 12645. https://doi.org/10.3390/app122412645

Pufahl, L., Ihde, S., Stiehle, F., Weske, M., Weber, I. (2021). Automatic resource allocation in business processes: A systematic literature survey. arXiv preprint arXiv:2107.07264, 1-28. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2107.07264

Purlis, E. (2012). Baking process design. In Handbook of Food Process Design. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Sheveleva, L., Jones, M., Harris, I. (2023). It does not matter how hard you work: The importance of task allocation for worker productivity. Economics Letters, 227, 111115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2023.111115

Slack, N., Brandon-Jones, A. (2019). Operations management. Pearson.

Stanojeska, M. (2022). An implementation of digital technologies to improve productivity and reduce non-value adding activities in the production process. AICEI, 198-207. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7643579

Stanojeska, M., Cepujnoska, V. (2014). A model of statistical process control of quality and cost optimization in milling industrial processes. Journal of Hygienic Engineering and Design, 7, 87-95.

Suchintita, D. R., Tiwari, B. K., Garcia-Vaquero, M. (2023). The fundamentals of bread making: The science of bread. In Traditional European breads: An illustrative compendium of ancestral knowledge and cultural heritage (pp. 1–40). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23352-4_1

Tausch, A., Kluge, A. (2022). The best task allocation process is to decide on one’s own: Effects of the allocation agent in human-robot interaction on perceived work characteristics and satisfaction. Cognitive Technology & Work, 24, 39-55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10111-020-00656-7

Trinh, L., Campbell, G. M., Martin, P. J. (2016). Scaling down bread production for quality assessment using a breadmaker: Are results from a breadmaker representative of other breadmaking methods? Food and Bioproducts Processing, 100, 54-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2016.06.004

Van den Broeck, A., Parker, S. (2017). Job and work design. In Parker, Morgeson, & Johns.

Wang, J., Yu, D., Liu, C. (2024). Task allocation for maximum cooperation in complex structured business processes. Knowledge-Based Systems, 299, 111989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2024.111989

Williamson, M. E., Wilson, I. (2009). Development of an improved heating system for industrial tunnel baking ovens. Journal of Food Engineering, 91(1), 64-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2008.08.004

Wolniak, R. (2020). Main functions of operation management. Production Engineering Archives, 26(1), 11-14. https://doi.org/10.30657/pea.2020.26.03

Zandieh, M., Adibi, M. A. (2010). Dynamic job shop scheduling using variable neighborhood search. International Journal of Production Research, 48(8), 2449–2458. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207540802662896

Zhao, W., Pu, S., Jiang, D. (2020). A human resource allocation method for business processes using team faultlines. Applied Intelligence, 50, 2887-2900. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-020-01686-4

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

OPTIMIZING PROCESS EFFICIENCY: CASE STUDIES IN BREAD MAKING PRODUCTION

Keywords

How to Cite

Download Citation

Abstract

References